What are the four cyber frauds?

In the UK, when people refer to the “four main cyber frauds,” they are often talking about these common categories:

1. Phishing
   • Fraudsters send fake emails, texts, or messages pretending to be trusted organisations (such as banks or government agencies) to steal passwords, bank details, or personal information. (broxtowe.gov.uk)
2. Identity Theft
   • Criminals steal personal information and use it to open accounts, apply for credit, make purchases, or impersonate the victim. (saferderbyshire.gov.uk)
3. Online Scams and Fraud
   • Includes fake shopping websites, investment scams, romance scams, and other schemes designed to trick people into sending money. (saferderbyshire.gov.uk)
4. Malware and Ransomware
   • Malicious software infects a computer or device. Ransomware can lock files or systems and demand payment for their release. (saferderbyshire.gov.uk)

These are among the most common cyber-enabled frauds reported in the UK and are frequently highlighted by UK law enforcement and cybersecurity organisations. (cps.gov.uk)